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An Act further to amend the Patents Ac..

An Act further to amend the Patents Act, 1970. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows:— This Act may be called the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005. Sub-clause (ii) of clause (a), and clause (b), of section 37, sections 41,42,47,59 to 63 (both inclusive) and 74 shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint; and the remaining provisions of this Act shall be deemed to have come into force on the 1st day of January, 2005. 39 of 1970 2. In section 2 of the Patents Act, 1970 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in sub-section (1),— (a) after clause (ab), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— '(aba) "Budapest Treaty" means the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Micro-organisms for the Purposes of Patent 

The second amendment to the 1970 Act was made through the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2002 (Act 38 0f 2002). This Act came into force on 20 th May 2003 with the introduction of the new Patent Rules, 2003 by replacing the earlier Patents Rules, 1972.&..

The second amendment to the 1970 Act was made through the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2002 (Act 38 0f 2002). This Act came into force on 20 th May 2003 with the introduction of the new Patent Rules, 2003 by replacing the earlier Patents Rules, 1972. The third amendment to the Patents Act 1970 was introduced through the Patents (Amendment) Ordinance, 2004 w.e.f. 1 st January, 2005. This Ordinance was later replaced by the Patents (Amendment) Act 2005 (Act 15 Of 2005 ) on 4 th April, 2005 which was brought into force from 1-1-2005.

Patent (Amendment) Act, 1999

It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint:  PROVIDED that different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act, and..

It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint:  PROVIDED that different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act, and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision. Definitions and interpretation (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— [(a) "Appellate Board" means the Appellate Board referred to in section 116

Patent Act, 1970

This Act may be called the Patents Act, 1970. It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint:  provided that different dates may be appoi..

This Act may be called the Patents Act, 1970. It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint:  provided that different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act, and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision. Definitions and interpretation (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— [(a) "Appellate Board" means the Appellate Board referred to in section 116;  (ab) "assignee" includes an assignee of the assignee and the legal representative of a deceased assignee and references to the assignee of any person include references to the assignee of the legal representative or assignee of that person; [(aba) "Budapest Treaty" means the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Micro-organisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure done at Budapest on 28th day of April, 1977, as amended and modified from time to time;] 

An Act to define and limit the powers of certain courts in punishing contempts of courts and to regulate their procedure in relation thereto. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Twenty-second Year of the Republic of India as follows :  1. Shor..

An Act to define and limit the powers of certain courts in punishing contempts of courts and to regulate their procedure in relation thereto. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Twenty-second Year of the Republic of India as follows :  1. Short title and extent. ? (1) This Act may be called the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971. (2) It extends to the whole of India: Provided that it shall not apply to the State of Jammu and Kashmir except to the extent to which the provisions of this Act relate to contempt of the Supreme Court. Definitions. ? In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, ? ?(a)? ?contempt of court? means civil contempt or criminal contempt; ?(b)? ?civil contempt? means wilful disobedience to any judgment, decree, direction, order, writ or other process of a court or wilful breach of an undertaking given to a court;(c)? ?criminal contempt? means the publication (whether by words, spoken or written, or by signs, or by visible representation, or otherwise) of any matter or the doing of any other act whatsoever which ? (i) scandalises or tends to scandalise, or lowers or tends to lower the authority of, any court; or (ii) prejudices, or interferes or tends to interfere with, the due course of any judicial proceeding; or (iii) interferes or tends to interfere with, or obstructs or tends to obstruct, the administration of justice in any other manner; (d) ?High Court? means the High Court for a State or a Union territory, and includes the court of the Judicial Commissioner in any Union territory 

An Act to provide for more effective protection of the rights of women guaranteed under the Constitution who are victims of violence of any kind occurring within the family and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. This Act may be..

An Act to provide for more effective protection of the rights of women guaranteed under the Constitution who are victims of violence of any kind occurring within the family and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. This Act may be called the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. Definitions.-In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- (a) "aggrieved person" means any woman who is, or has been, in a domestic relationship with the respondent and who alleges to have been subjected to any act of domestic violence by the respondent.

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to motor vehicles. Be it enacted by parliament in the Thirty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows : - Statement of objects and Reasons. - The motor vehicles Act, 1939 ( 4 of 1939), consoli..

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to motor vehicles. Be it enacted by parliament in the Thirty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows : - Statement of objects and Reasons. - The motor vehicles Act, 1939 ( 4 of 1939), consolidates and amends the law relating to motor vehicles. This has been amended several times to keep it up to date. The need was, however, felt that this Act should, now inter alia, take into account also changes in the road transport technology, pattern of passenger and freight movements, developments, of the road network in the country and particularly the improved techniques in the motor vehicles management. Various Committees, like, National Transport Policy Committee, National Police Commission, Road Safety Committee, Low Powered Two – Wheelers Committee, as also the Law Commission have gone into different aspects of road transport. They have recommended updating, simplification and rationalization of this law. Several Members of Parliament have also urged for comprehensive review of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1939, to make it relevant to the modern – day requirements.

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the extradition of fugitive criminals 1*[and to provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto BE it enacted by Parliament in the Thirteenth Year of the Republic of India as follow..

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to the extradition of fugitive criminals 1*[and to provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto BE it enacted by Parliament in the Thirteenth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- Short title, extent and commencement. This Act may be called the Extradition Act, 1962. It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date 2* as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. Definitions. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-- (a) "composite offence" means an act or conduct of a person occurred, wholly or in part, in a foreign State or in India but its effects or intended effects, taken as a whole, would constitute an extradition offence in India or in a foreign State

The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995” has come into enforcement on February 7,1996. This law is an important landmark and is a significant step in the direction to ensure ..

The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995” has come into enforcement on February 7,1996. This law is an important landmark and is a significant step in the direction to ensure equal opportunities for people with disabilities and their full participation in the nation building. The Act provides for both preventive and promotional aspects of rehabilitation like education, employment and vocational training, reservation, research and manpower development,creation of barrier-free environment, rehabilitation of persons with disability, unemployment and establishment of homes for persons with severe disability, etc. This booklet aims at wider dissemination of the rights conferred upon by the Act. Main Provisions of the Act — Prevention and Early Detection of Disabilities. — Education. — Employment. — Non-discrimination. — Research and Manpower Development. — Affirmative Action. — Social Security. — Grievance Redressal

An Act to prevent the commission of offences of atrocities against the members of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, to provide for Special Courts for the trial of such offences and for the relief and rehabilitation of the victims of s..

An Act to prevent the commission of offences of atrocities against the members of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, to provide for Special Courts for the trial of such offences and for the relief and rehabilitation of the victims of such offences and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.  

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to domestic arbitration, international commercial arbitration and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards as also to define the law relating to conciliation and for matters connected therewith or inc..

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to domestic arbitration, international commercial arbitration and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards as also to define the law relating to conciliation and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. WHEREAS the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) has adopted the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration in 1985: AND WHEREAS the General Assembly of the United Nations has recommended that all countries give due consideration to the said Model Law, in view of the desirability of uniformity of the law of arbitral procedures and the specific needs of international commercial arbitration practice; AND WHEREAS the UNCITRAL has adopted the UNCITRAL Conciliation Rules in 1980; AND WHEREAS the General Assembly of the United Nations has recommended the use of the said Rules in cases where a dispute arises in the context of international commercial relations and the parties seek an amicable settlement of that dispute by recourse to conciliation; AND WHEREAS the said Model Law and Rules make significant contribution to the establishment of a unified legal framework for the fair and efficient settlement of disputes arising in international commercial relations; AND WHEREAS it is expedient to make law respecting arbitration and conciliation, taking into account the aforesaid Model Law and Rules; BE it enacted by Parliament in the Forty-seventh Year of the Republic of India as follows:- Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) This Act may be called the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. (2) It extends to the whole of India: Provided that Parts, I, III and IV shall extend to the State of Jammu and Kashmir only in so far as they relate to international commercial arbitration or, as the case may be, international commercial conciliation

An Act to provide for the conduct of elections of the Houses of Parliament and to the House or Houses of the Legislature of each State, the qualifications and disqualifications for membership of those Houses, the corrupt  practices and other ..

An Act to provide for the conduct of elections of the Houses of Parliament and to the House or Houses of the Legislature of each State, the qualifications and disqualifications for membership of those Houses, the corrupt  practices and other offences at or in connection with such elections and the decision of doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with such elections. BE it enacted by Parliament as follows:—his Act may be called the Representation of the People Act, 1951.In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—(a) each of the expressions defined in section 2 or sub-section (1) of section 27 of the Representation of the People Act 1950 (43 of 1950), but not defined in this Act, shall have the same meaning as in that Act; (b) "appropriate authority" means, in relation to an election to the House of the People or the Council of States. The Central Government, and in relation to an election to the Legislative Assembly or the Legislative Council of a State, the State Government; (bb) "chief electoral officer" means the officer appointed under section 13A of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950);] (c) "corrupt practice" means any of the practices specified in section 123 4 (cc) "district election officer" means the officer designated or nominated under section 13AA of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950). 

This Act may be called the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir and it applies also to all citizens of India outside India. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- ..

This Act may be called the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir and it applies also to all citizens of India outside India. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- (a) "election" means any election, by whatever means held under any law for the purpose of selecting members of Parliament or of any Legislature, local authority or other public authority; (b) "public duty" means a duty in the discharge of which the State, the public or the community at large has an interest; Explanation.-In this clause "State" includes a corporation established by or under a Central, Provincial or State Act, or an authority or a body owned or controlled or aided by the Government or a Government company as defined in section 617 of the Companies Act, 1956. (c) "public servant" means- (i) any person in the service or pay of the Government or remunerated by the Government by fees or commission for the performance of any public duty; 

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to juveniles in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection, by providing for proper care, protection and treatment by catering to their development needs, and by adopting a child-..

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to juveniles in conflict with law and children in need of care and protection, by providing for proper care, protection and treatment by catering to their development needs, and by adopting a child-friendly approach in the adjudication and disposition of matters in the best interest of children and for their ultimate rehabilitation through various institutions established under this enactment. WHEREAS the Constitution has, in several provisions, including clause (3) of article 15, clauses (e) and (f) of article 39, articles 45 and 47, impose on the State a primary responsibility of ensuring that all the needs of children are met and that their basic human rights are fully protected; AND WHEREAS, the General Assembly of the United Nations has adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the 20th November, 1989; AND WHEREAS, the Convention on the Rights of the Child has prescribed a set of standards to be adhered to by all State parties in securing the best interests of the child; AND WHEREAS, the Convention on the Rights of the Child emphasises social reintegration of child victims, to the extent possible, without resorting to judicial proceedings; AND WHEREAS, the Government of India has ratified the Convention on the 11th December, 1992; AND WHEREAS, it is expedient to re-enact the existing law relating to juveniles bearing in mind the standards prescribed in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice, 1985 (the Beijing rules), the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (1990), and all other relevant international instruments.

This Act may be called the Electricity (Amendment) Act, 2007. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.  In section 14 of the Electricity Act, 2003 (hereinafter refe..

This Act may be called the Electricity (Amendment) Act, 2007. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.  In section 14 of the Electricity Act, 2003 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in the sixth proviso, for the brackets and words “(including the capital adequacy, creditworthiness, or code of conduct)”, the words “relating to the capital adequacy, creditworthiness, or code of conduct” shall be substituted.

An Act to consolidate the laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution, trading and use of electricity and generally for taking measures conducive to development of electricity industry, promoting competition therein, protecting interes..

An Act to consolidate the laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution, trading and use of electricity and generally for taking measures conducive to development of electricity industry, promoting competition therein, protecting interest of consumers and supply of electricity to all areas, rationalization of electricity tarif , ensuring transparent policies regarding subsidies, promotion of efficient and environmentally benign policies constitution of Central Electricity Authority, Regulatory Commissions and establishment of Appellate Tribunal This Act may be called the Electricity Act, 2003. It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification, appoint: Provided that different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,  “Appellate Tribunal” means the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity established under section 110; (2) "appointed date" means such date as the Central Government may, by notification, appoint; "area of supply” means the area within which a distribution licensee is authorised by his licence to supply electricity; "Appropriate Commission” means the Central Regulatory Commission referred to in sub-section (1) of section 76 or the State Regulatory Commission referred to in section 82 or the Joint Commission referred to in section 83. 

Electricity (Amendment) Act, 2007

An Act to provide for the establishment of Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board to regulate the refining, processing, storage, transportation, distribution, marketing and sale of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas e..

An Act to provide for the establishment of Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board to regulate the refining, processing, storage, transportation, distribution, marketing and sale of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas excluding production of crude oil and natural gas so as to protect the interests of consumers and entities engaged in specified activities relating to petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas and to ensure uninterrupted and adequate supply of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas in all parts of the country and to promote competitive markets and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

"Fact" means and includes-- any thing, state of things, or relation of things, capable of being perceived by the senses; any mental condition of which any person is conscious.  Illustrations  (a) That there are certain objects ..

"Fact" means and includes-- any thing, state of things, or relation of things, capable of being perceived by the senses; any mental condition of which any person is conscious.  Illustrations  (a) That there are certain objects arranged in a certain order in a certain place, is a fact.  (b) That a man heard or saw something, is a fact. (c) That a man said certain words, is a fact.  (d) That a man holds a certain opinion, has a certain intention, acts in good faith or fraudulently, or uses a particular word in a particular sense, or is or was at a specified time conscious of a particular sensation, is a fact

It extends to the whole of India. It shall, in relation to the territories other than those referred to in subsection come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint and different dates ..

It extends to the whole of India. It shall, in relation to the territories other than those referred to in subsection come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act. This Act shall, in relation to the State of Jammu and Kashmir and the Union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu, come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint in this behalf, and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act.

This Act may be called the Himachal Pradesh Panchayati Raj Act, 1994. (2) It shall extend to the whole of the State of Himachal Pradesh, except the areas administered by a municipality. [(2-A) In their application to the scheduled areas in the Sta..

This Act may be called the Himachal Pradesh Panchayati Raj Act, 1994. (2) It shall extend to the whole of the State of Himachal Pradesh, except the areas administered by a municipality. [(2-A) In their application to the scheduled areas in the State as referred to in clause (1) of Article 244 of the Constitution of India, the remaining provisions of this Act shall apply, subject to the provisions of Chapter VI-A of this Act.]  (3) It shall come into force on such date5 as the Government may, by notification, appoint. 2. Definitions.- In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- (1) “annual value” means,- (i) double the land revenue for the time being assessed on any land, whether the assessment is leviable or not; or (ii) where the land revenue has been permanently assessed, or has been wholly or in part compounded or redeemed, double the amount which, but for such permanent assessment, composition or redemption, would have been leviable or where no land revenue has been assessed, double the amount which, would have been assessed if the average village rate had been applied.

This Act may be called the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954. It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. In this Act unless the c..

This Act may be called the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954. It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. In this Act unless the context otherwise requires:-3[(i) "adulterant" means any material which is or could be employed for the purpose of adulteration;] "adulterated"- an article of food shall be deemed to be adulterated:- (a) if the article sold by a vendor is not of the nature, substance or quality demanded by the purchaser and is to his prejudice, or is not of the nature, substance or quality which it purports or represented to be. 

Prevention of Food Adulteration (5th Amendment) Rules, 2008 

These Regulations shall be called the Pension Regulations for the Army, Part-I (2008) and shall come into force with effect from 1st July 2008. (a) Unless otherwise provided, these Regulations shall apply to the (i) Permanent Commissioned Officer ..

These Regulations shall be called the Pension Regulations for the Army, Part-I (2008) and shall come into force with effect from 1st July 2008. (a) Unless otherwise provided, these Regulations shall apply to the (i) Permanent Commissioned Officer of the Army, including Military Nursing Service Officer, Territorial Army Officer, Short Service Commissioned Officer and Emergency Commissioned Officer (ii)Personnel Below Officer Rank (including those granted honorary commission while on the effective list) of regular Army Defence Security Corps and Territorial Army. (b) Unless otherwise provided, all claims to pension, gratuity or allowance shall be regulated by the Regulations in force at the time of individual’s retirement, release, resignation, discharge, invalidment, death etc., as the case may be. (c) The day on which an individual is retired or is released or is discharged or is allowed to resign, or is invalided out from service or dies in harness, as the case may be, shall be treated as his last day in service. Provided that in the case of an individual who is retired prematurely or who retires voluntarily, the date of retirement shall be treated as a non-working day

Pension regulation for Army, 1961

These Regulations shall be called the Pension Regulations for the Army, Part-I (2008) and shall come into force with effect from 1st July 2008. (a) Unless otherwise provided, these Regulations shall apply to the (i) Permanent Commissioned Officer ..

These Regulations shall be called the Pension Regulations for the Army, Part-I (2008) and shall come into force with effect from 1st July 2008. (a) Unless otherwise provided, these Regulations shall apply to the (i) Permanent Commissioned Officer of the Army, including Military Nursing Service Officer, Territorial Army Officer, Short Service Commissioned Officer and Emergency Commissioned Officer (ii)Personnel Below Officer Rank (including those granted honorary commission while on the effective list) of regular Army Defence Security Corps and Territorial Army. (b) Unless otherwise provided, all claims to pension, gratuity or allowance shall be regulated by the Regulations in force at the time of individual’s retirement, release, resignation, discharge, invalidment, death etc., as the case may be. (c) The day on which an individual is retired or is released or is discharged or is allowed to resign, or is invalided out from service or dies in harness, as the case may be, shall be treated as his last day in service. Provided that in the case of an individual who is retired prematurely or who retires voluntarily, the date of retirement shall be treated as a non-working day

It is expedient to provide a general Penal Code for [India]; It is enacted as follows: This Act shall be called the Indian Penal Code, and shall 3*[extend to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Punishment of offences committe..

It is expedient to provide a general Penal Code for [India]; It is enacted as follows: This Act shall be called the Indian Penal Code, and shall 3*[extend to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. Punishment of offences committed within India.  Punishment of offences committed within India.--Every person shall be liable to punishment under this Code and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to the provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within [India] Punishment of offences committed beyond, but which by law may be tried within, India

An Act to provide for the payment of bonus to persons employed in certain establishments on the basis of profits or on the basis of production or productivity and for matters connected therewith. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixteenth Year o..

An Act to provide for the payment of bonus to persons employed in certain establishments on the basis of profits or on the basis of production or productivity and for matters connected therewith. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixteenth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- 1. Short title, extent and application.-(1) This Act may be called the Payment of Bonus Act, 1965. (2) It extends to the whole of India (3). Save as otherwise provided in this Act, it shall apply to – (a) every factory; and  (b) every other establishment in which twenty or more persons are employed on any day during an accounting year. Provided that the appropriate Government may, after giving not less than two months’ notice of its intention so to do, by notification in the Official Gazette, apply the provisions of this Act with effect from; such accounting year as may be specified in the notification, to any establishment or class of establishment including an establishment being a factory within the meaning of sub-clause (ii) of clause (m) of section 2 of the Factories Act, 1948 (63 of 1948)] employing such number of persons less than twenty as may be specified in the notification; so, however, that the number of persons so pecified shall in no case be less than ten. 

Amendment of section 26 :In the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), existing section 26 shall be re-numbered as sub-section (1), and after sub-section (1) as so renumbered, the following sub-se..

Amendment of section 26 :In the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), existing section 26 shall be re-numbered as sub-section (1), and after sub-section (1) as so renumbered, the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely: "(2) In every plaint, facts shall be proved by affidavit." 3. Amendment of section 27:In section 27 of the principal Act, the following words shall be inserted at the end, namely: "on such day not beyond thirty days from date of the institution of the suit". 4. Amendment of section 32. In section 32 of the principal Act, in clause (c) for the words "not exceeding five hundred rupees" the words "not exceeding five thousand rupees" shall be substituted. 5. Amendment of section 58 — In section 58 of the principal Act, (i) in sub-section (1), (a) in clause (a), for the words "one thousand rupees", the words "five thousand rupees" shall be substituted; (b) for clause (b), the following clause shall be substituted, namely:— "(b) where the decree is for the payment of a sum of money exceeding two thousand rupees, but not exceeding five thousand rupees, for a period not exceeding six weeks:"; (ii) in sub-section (1A), for the words "five hundred rupees", the words "two thousand rupees" shall be substituted. 6. Amendment of section 60 — In section 60 of the principal Act, in the first proviso to sub-section (1), in clause (i), for the words "four hundred rupees", the words "one thousand rupees" shall be substituted. 

Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2002

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Bill. 2000

An Act further to amend the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 and to  provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.  Be it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-third Year of the Republic of  India as follows:- This Act ma..

An Act further to amend the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 and to  provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.  Be it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-third Year of the Republic of  India as follows:- This Act may be called the Code of Civil Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2002. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act and for different States or for different parts thereof. Amendment of section 39.-In section 39 of the Code of Civil  Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), after sub-section (3), the following sub-section shall be inserted, namely:- Nothing in this section shall be deemed to authorise the Court which passed a decree to execute such decree against any person or property outside the local limits of its jurisdiction.

Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

An Act To Provide Legal Recognition For Transactions Carried Out By Means Of Electronic Data Interchange And Other Means Of Electronic Communication, Commonly Referred To As “Electronic Commerce”, Which Involve The Use Of Alternatives ..

An Act To Provide Legal Recognition For Transactions Carried Out By Means Of Electronic Data Interchange And Other Means Of Electronic Communication, Commonly Referred To As “Electronic Commerce”, Which Involve The Use Of Alternatives To Paper-Based Methods Of Communication And Storage Of Information, To Facilitate Electronic Filing Of Docu- Ments With The Government Agencies And Further To Amend The Indian Penal Code, The Indian Evidence Act, 1872, The Banker's Books Evidence Act, 1891 And The Reserve Bank Of India Act, 1934 And For Matters Connected Therewith Or Incidental Thereto. Whereas The General Assembly Of The United Nations By Resolution A/Res/51/162 Dated The 30th January, 1997 Has Adopted The Model Law On Electronic Commerce Adopted By The United Nations Commission On International Trade Law; And Whereas The Said Resolution Recommends Inter Alia That All States Give Favour- Able Consideration To The Said Model Law When They Enact Or Revise Their Laws, In View Of The Need For Uniformity Of The Law Applicable To Alternatives To Paper Based Methods Of Communication And Storage Of Information; And Whereas It Is Considered Necessary To Give Effect To The Said Resolution And To Promote Efficient Delivery Of Government Services By Means Of Reliable Electronic Records.

Information Technology (Amendment) Act 2008

Information Technology(Certifying Authorities) Amendment Rules, 2009(59 KB) ​

Information Technology Rules, 2011

GS.R. 782(E) and G.S.R. 783(E) dated 25.10.2011 - Information Technology (Certifying Authorities) Amendment Rules, 2011 (110 KB) 

GSR 316(E) Dated 11 April 2011: Information Technology (Electronic Service Delivery) Rules, 2011 (75.6 KB) 

GSR 313(E) Dated 11 April 2011: Information Technology (Resonable Security Practices and procedures and sensitive personal data or information) Rules, 2011 (146 KB) 

GSR 314(E) Dated 11 April 2011: Information Technology (Intermediaries guidelines) Rules, 2011 (49.4 KB) 

GSR 315(E) Dated 11 April 2011: Information Technology (Guidelines for Cyber Cafe) Rules, 2011 (45.6 K

An Act to provide legal recognition for transactions carried out by means of electronic data interchange and other means of electronic communication, commonly referred to as "electronic commerce", which involve the use of alternatives to..

An Act to provide legal recognition for transactions carried out by means of electronic data interchange and other means of electronic communication, commonly referred to as "electronic commerce", which involve the use of alternatives to paper-based methods of communication and storage of information, to facilitate electronic filing of documents with the Government agencies and further to amend the Indian Penal Code, the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, the Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 1891 and the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto

Information technology Act, 2000

An Act to prohibit the pledging of the labour of children.  WHEREAS it is expedient to prohibit the making of agreements to pledge the labour of children, and the employment of children whose labour has been pledged;  It is hereby enacte..

An Act to prohibit the pledging of the labour of children.  WHEREAS it is expedient to prohibit the making of agreements to pledge the labour of children, and the employment of children whose labour has been pledged;  It is hereby enacted as follows:--  1. Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) This Act may be called the Children (Pledging of Labour) Act, 1933.  (2) It extends to the whole of India  (3) This section and sections 2 and 3 shall come into force at once, and the remaining sections of this Act shall come into force on the first day of July, 1933.  2. Definitions.- In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,--  "an agreement to pledge the labour of a child" means an  agreement, written or oral, express or implied, whereby  the parent or guardian of a child, in return for any  payment or benefit received or to be received by him,  undertakes to cause or allow the services of the child  to be utilized in any employment:  Provided that an agreement made without detriment  to a child, and not made in consideration of any  benefit other than reasonable wages to be paid for the  child's services, and terminable at not more than a  week's notice, is not an agreement within the meaning  of this definition;  "child" means a person who is under the age of fifteen  years; and "guardian" includes any person having  legal custody of or control over a child. 

Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986

May and shall – Where the Legislature uses two words  “may” and “shall” in two different parts of the same provision, prima facie it would appear that the Legislature manifested its intension to make one part dir..

May and shall – Where the Legislature uses two words  “may” and “shall” in two different parts of the same provision, prima facie it would appear that the Legislature manifested its intension to make one part directory and another mandatory. But that by itself is not decisive. The power of the Court still to ascertain the real intension of the Legislature by carefully examining the scope of statute to find out whether the provision is directory or mandatory remains unimpaired even where both the words are used in the same provision. In interpreting the provisions the exercise undertaken by the Court is to make explicit the intention of the Legislative which enacted the legislation. It is not for the Court to reframe the legislation for the very good reason that the powers to “legislate” have not been conferred on the Court. In order to sustain the presumption of constitutionality of a legislative measure, the Court can take into consideration matters of common knowledge, matters of common report, the history of the times and also assume every state of facts which can be conceived existing at the time of the legislation.

Children (Pledging of Labour) Act, 1933

An Act to provide for the fixation of rates of wages in respect of working journalists and for matters connected therewith. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:-- This Act may be called the Working Jou..

An Act to provide for the fixation of rates of wages in respect of working journalists and for matters connected therewith. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:-- This Act may be called the Working Journalists (Fixation of Rates of Wages) Act, 1958. Definitions.  In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,--  (a) "Committee" means the Committee constituted under  section 3;  (b) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;  (c) "Wage Board" means the Wage Board constituted under the  working Journalists Act by notification No. S.R.O. 1075 of the Government of India in the Ministry of Labour, dated the 2nd May, 1956; Wage Board decision" means the decisions of the Wage Board published in the Gazette of India, Extraordinary,  Part II, Section 3, dated the 11th May, 1957;  (e) "Wages" means wages as defined in the Industrial  Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947);  (f) "Working Journalists Act" means the Working Journalists  (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions  Act, 1955 (45 of 1955);  (g) words and expressions used but not defined in this Act, and defined in the Working Journalists Act, shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in that Act. 

Working Journalist (Conditions of service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Rules, 1957

In this Act, unless there is anything  repugnant in the subject context,--  [(a) "adolescent" means a person who has completed his  fourteenth year of age but has not completed his eighteenth year;  (aa) "adult&q..

In this Act, unless there is anything  repugnant in the subject context,--  [(a) "adolescent" means a person who has completed his  fourteenth year of age but has not completed his eighteenth year;  (aa) "adult" means a person who has completed his eighteenth  year of age;]  (b) "appropriate Government" means,--(i) in relation to any scheduled employment  carried on by or under the authority of the  [Central Government or a railway  administration], or in relation to a mine,  oilfield or major port, or any corporation  established by [a Central Act], the Central  Government, and  (ii) in relation to any other scheduled  employment, the State Government;  [(bb) "child" means a person who has not completed his  fourteenth year of age;]  (c) "competent authority" means the authority appointed by the appropriate Government by notification in its  Official Gazette to ascertain from time to time the cost of living index number applicable to the employees  employed in the scheduled employments specified in such notification. 

Minimum Wages (Central) Rules, 1950

It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. Amendment of section 1.  Amendment of section 1.-In section 1 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (4 of 1936) (hereinafter re..

It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. Amendment of section 1.  Amendment of section 1.-In section 1 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (4 of 1936) (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), for sub-section (6), the following sub-section shall be substituted, namely:-"This Act applies to wages payable to an employed person in respect  of a wage period if such wages for that wage period do not exceed six thousand five hundred rupees per month or such other higher sum which, on the basis of figures of the Consumer Expenditure Survey published by the National Sample Survey Organization, the Central Government may, after every five years, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify.".

Payment of Wages Act, 1936

Payment of Wages Rules, 1937

An Act to regulate the payment of wages of certain classes of 2[employed persons], whereas it is expedient to regulate the payment of wages to certain classes of 2 [employed persons].  It is hereby enacted as follows:— 1. Short title, e..

An Act to regulate the payment of wages of certain classes of 2[employed persons], whereas it is expedient to regulate the payment of wages to certain classes of 2 [employed persons].  It is hereby enacted as follows:— 1. Short title, extent, commencement and application.— (1) This Act may be called the Payment of Wages Act, 1936. It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such date  as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.  It applies in the first instance to the payment of wages to persons employed in any 6 [factory, to persons] employed (otherwise than in a factory) upon any railway by a railway administration or, either directly or through a sub-contractor, by a person fulfilling a contract with a railway administration and to persons employed in an industrial or other establishment specified in sub-clauses (a) to (g) of clause (ii) of section 2.

Payment of Wages Rules, 1937

Payment of Wages (Amendment) Act, 2005

This Act may be called the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948.  (2) It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such 2 date or dates as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint, and ..

This Act may be called the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948.  (2) It extends to the whole of India. It shall come into force on such 2 date or dates as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act and 3[ for different States or for different parts thereof].  It shall apply, in the first instance, to all factories (including factories belonging to the government) other than seasonal factories:  provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall apply to a factory or establishment belonging to or under the control of the government whose employees are otherwise in receipt of benefits substantially similar or superior to the benefits provided under this Act. The appropriate government may, in consultation with the Corporation and where the appropriate government is a State Government, with the approval of the Central Government], after giving six months’ notice of its intention of so doing by notification in the Official Gazette, extend the provisions of this Act or any of them, to any other establishment or class of establishments, industrial, commercial, agricultural or otherwise. 

This Act may be called the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. (2) It extends to the whole of India 2 (3) It shall come into force on such date as may be notified in this behalf in the Official Gazette, -- 3 [(a) in relation to mines and to any other est..

This Act may be called the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. (2) It extends to the whole of India 2 (3) It shall come into force on such date as may be notified in this behalf in the Official Gazette, -- 3 [(a) in relation to mines and to any other establishment wherein persons are employed for the exhibition of equestrian, acrobatic and other performances, by the Central Government, and] (b) in relation to other establishments in s State, by the State Government. NOTES. – This Act came into force in relation to mines in the territories to which it extends on the 1st. November 1963 – Vide S.O. No. 2920, dated 5th. October, 1963, published in the Gazette of India, Part II, Sec. 3 (ii), dated 12th. October, 1963. This Act came into force in the whole of Uttar Pradesh with effect from 22nd. February 1974, vide notification No. 512 (V)-2/36-5-13 (V) 72, dated 22nd. February 1974. 2. Application of Act. -- (1) It applies in the first instance, to every establishment being a factory, mine or plantation 4 including any such establishment belonging to Government and to every establishment wherein persons are employed for the exhibition of equestrian, acrobatic and other performances. Employment of, or work by, women prohibited during certain period. -- (1) No  employer shall knowingly employ a woman in any establishment during the six weeks immediately following the day of her delivery or her miscarriage.

An employee shall be said to be in continuous service for a period if he has, for that period, been in uninterrupted service, including service which may be interrupted on account of sickness, accident, leave, absence from duty without leave (not ..

An employee shall be said to be in continuous service for a period if he has, for that period, been in uninterrupted service, including service which may be interrupted on account of sickness, accident, leave, absence from duty without leave (not being absence in respect of which an order 11 [***] treating the absence as break in service has been passed in accordance with the standing orders, rules or regulations governing the employees of the establishment), lay-off, strike or a lock-out or cessation of work not due to any fault of the employee, whether such uninterrupted or interrupted service was rendered before or after the commencement of this Act; (2) where an employee (not being an employee employed in a seasonal establishment) is not in continuous service within the meaning of clause (1), for any period of one year or six months, he shall be deemed to be in continuous service under the employer—(a) for the said period of one year, if the employee during the period of twelve calendar months preceding the date with reference to which calculation is to be made, has actually worked under the employer for not less than— tc" (a) for the said period of one year, if the employee during the period of twelve calendar months preceding the date with reference to which calculation is to be made, has actually worked under the employer for not less than—"(i) one hundred and ninety days, in the case of any employee employed below the ground in a mine or in an establish-ment which works for less than six days in a week; and tc" (i) one hundred and ninety days, in the case of any employee employed below the ground in a mine or in an establish-ment which works for less than six days in a week; and" (ii) two hundred and forty days, in any other case; tc" (ii) two hundred and forty days, in any other case. 

Payment of Gratuity Rules, 1972

That the object of the Act is to have uniform Standing Orders providing for the matters enumerated in the Schedule to the Act, that it was not intended that there should be different conditions of service for those who are employed before and thos..

That the object of the Act is to have uniform Standing Orders providing for the matters enumerated in the Schedule to the Act, that it was not intended that there should be different conditions of service for those who are employed before and those employed after the Standing Orders came into force and finally, once the Standing Orders come into the force, they bind all those presently in the employment of the concerned establishment as well as those who are appointed thereafter. Agra Electric Supply Co. Ltd. v. Aladdin, (1969) 2 SCC 598; U.P. Electric Supply Co. Ltd. v. Their Workman, (1972) 2 SEC 54.

Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Central Rules, 1946

The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that the provisions of this Act Act shall apply to a country or place outside India as may be specified in the notification. If the notification under sub-section relates ..

The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that the provisions of this Act Act shall apply to a country or place outside India as may be specified in the notification. If the notification under sub-section relates to a country or place outside India with which a treaty has been entered into by India for the transfer of prisoners between that country and India, then, such notification shall also set out the full text of the said treaty and shall in no case remain in force longer than the period of the said treaty.  If the Central Government is of the opinion that, with respect to a country or place outside India, provisions of this Act require to be modified to give effect to a treaty in relation to such country, it may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that the application of this Act to such country shall be subject to such conditions, exceptions and modifications specified in the notification. Any prisoner who is a citizen of a contracting State may make an application to the Central Government for transfer for transfer of his custody from India to that contracting State :By a prisoner  Provided that if a prisoner is not able to make an application himself because of his ill health, mental condition, old age or being a minor, then, the application may be made by any other person entitled to act on his behalf. 

Repartation of Prisoners Rules, 2004

The oath of allegiance under sub-rule (1) shall be subscribed within a period of three months from the date of grant of certificate of naturalisation to which it relates, or within such extended period as the authority granting the certificate may..

The oath of allegiance under sub-rule (1) shall be subscribed within a period of three months from the date of grant of certificate of naturalisation to which it relates, or within such extended period as the authority granting the certificate may permit, and in case the oath is not taken within the said period, the certificate shall be of no effect:  Provided that no permission shall be given under this sub-rule unless a statement to that effect is endorsed on the certificate and signed by the officer authorised under rule 15 to sign the certificate of naturalisation.

Citizenship Rules, 2009

Whereas It Is Expedient To Provide For The Taking Of Census In India Or Any Part Thereof Whenever Necessary Or Desirable And To Provide For Certain Matters In Connection With The Taking Of Such Census. It Is Hereby Enacted As Follows: 1. (1) This ..

Whereas It Is Expedient To Provide For The Taking Of Census In India Or Any Part Thereof Whenever Necessary Or Desirable And To Provide For Certain Matters In Connection With The Taking Of Such Census. It Is Hereby Enacted As Follows: 1. (1) This Act May Be Called The Census Act, 1948. 2 [(2) It Extends To The Whole Of India. In This Act, Unless The Context Otherwise Requires,- (A) Premises Means Any Land, Building Or Part Of A Building And Includes A Hut, Shed Or Other Structure Or Any Part Thereof; (B) Prescribed Means Prescribed By Rules Made Under This Act; (C) Vehicle Means Any Vehicle Used Or Capable Of Being Used For The Purpose Of Road Transport, Whether Propelled By Mechanical Power Or Otherwise

Census Rules, 1990

Amendment of section 24.-In section 24 of the principal Act, in sub-section (6), after the proviso, the following Explanation shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 18th day of December, 1978, namely:- ..

Amendment of section 24.-In section 24 of the principal Act, in sub-section (6), after the proviso, the following Explanation shall be inserted and shall be deemed to have been inserted with effect from the 18th day of December, 1978, namely:- 'Explanation.-For the purposes of this sub-section,- (a) "regular Cadre of Prosecuting Officers" means a Cadre of Prosecuting Officers which includes therein the post of a Public Prosecutor, by whatever name called, and which provides for promotion of Assistant Public Prosecutors, by whatever name called, to that post; 

Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2008

Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) 2012

Short title and extent. 1. Short title and extent.- (1) This Act may be called 3*[the Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920].  (2) It shall extend to 4*[the whole of India], 5***. 2. Definitions. 2. Definitions. - In this Act, unless there is..

Short title and extent. 1. Short title and extent.- (1) This Act may be called 3*[the Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920].  (2) It shall extend to 4*[the whole of India], 5***. 2. Definitions. 2. Definitions. - In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-  "entry" means entry by water, land or air;  "passport" means a passport for the time being in force  issued or renewed by the prescribed authority and satisfying the conditions prescribed relating to the class of passports to which it belongs; and  "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act.

The Passport (Entry into India) Rules, 1920

Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) This Act may be called the Arms Act, 1959. (2) It extends to the whole of India.  (3) It shall come into force on such date 1* as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gezette, ..

Short title, extent and commencement.- (1) This Act may be called the Arms Act, 1959. (2) It extends to the whole of India.  (3) It shall come into force on such date 1* as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gezette, appoint.  2. Definition and interpretation.  2. Definition and interpretation.- (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,--  (a) "acquisition", with its grammatical variations and  cognate expressions, includes hiring, borrowing, or accepting as a gift;  (b) "ammunition" means ammunition for any firearm, and  includes--  (i) rockets, bombs, grenades, shells [and other missiles] 2*  (ii) articles, designed for torpedo service and submarine mining, (iii) other articles containing, or designed or adapted to contain, explosive, fulminating or fissionable material or noxious liquid, gas or other such thing, whether capable of use with firearms or not

This Act may be called the Supreme Court Judges Short 1(Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958. title 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise Define (a) `Acting Chief Justice' means a Judge appointed under  Article 126 of the ..

This Act may be called the Supreme Court Judges Short 1(Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958. title 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise Define (a) `Acting Chief Justice' means a Judge appointed under  Article 126 of the Constitution to perform the duties of the Chief Justice of lndia; (b) `Actual Service' includes -- (i) time spent by a Judge on duty as a Judge or in the performance of such other functions as he may, at the request of the President of India, undertakes to discharge; (ii) Vacations; (c) `Chief Justice' means the Chief Justice of India, but does not include any acting Chief Justice; (d) `High Court' means the High Court for a State; (e) `Judge' means a Judge of the Supreme Court and includes the Chief Justice and an acting Chief Justice; (f) `prescribed' means prescribed by rules made under this Act; (g) `service as a Judge in India' means service rendered either in the Federal Court or in any such Court and in one or more of the High Courts, and `Judge in India' and `service for pension as a Judge in India' shall be construed accordingly

Supreme Court Judges Rules, 1959

This Act may be called the High Court Judges Short  (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954. title 2(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise Define requires.-- ition  (a) `Acting Chief Justice' means a Judge appointed und..

This Act may be called the High Court Judges Short  (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954. title 2(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise Define requires.-- ition  (a) `Acting Chief Justice' means a Judge appointed under  Article 223 of the Constitution to perform the duties of the Chief Justice : (b) `Acting Judge' means a person appointed to act as  a Judge under sub-section (2) of section 222 of the  Government of India Act 19352  ( or under clause (2)  of Article 224 of the Constitution ). (c) `Actual Service' includes --  (i) time spent by a Judge on duty as a Judge or  in the performance of such other functions as he may, at the request of the President of India, undertake to discharge; (ii) Vacations, excluding any time during which the Judge is absent on leave;  (iii)Joining time on transfer from a High Court to the Supreme Court or from one High Court to another or from Supreme Court to a High Court; 

High Court Judges Rules, 1956

Innocent publication and distribution of matter not  contempt.(1) A person shall not be guilty of contempt of court on the  ground that he has published (whether by words spoken or written or by signs or by visible representations or oth..

Innocent publication and distribution of matter not  contempt.(1) A person shall not be guilty of contempt of court on the  ground that he has published (whether by words spoken or written or by signs or by visible representations or otherwise) any matter which  interferes or tends to interfere with, or obstructs or tends to  obstruct, the course of justice in connection with any civil or  criminal proceeding pending at the time of publication, if at that  time he had no reasonable grounds for believing that the proceeding  was pending.  (2)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this  Act or any other law for the time being in force, the publication of  any such matter as is mentioned in sub-section (1) in connection with  any civil or criminal proceeding which is not pending at the time of  publication shall not be deemed to constitute contempt of court.  (3)A person shall not be guilty of contempt of court on the  ground that he has distributed a publication containing any such  matter as is mentioned in sub-section (1), if at the time of  distribution he had no reasonable grounds for believing that it  contained or was likely to contain any such matter as aforesaid :  Provided that this sub-section shall not apply in respect of the distribution of-  (i) any publication which is a book or paper printed or published otherwise than in conformity with the rules  contained in section 3 of the Press and Registration of  Books Act, 1867 ;(25 of 1867) (ii) any publication which is a newspaper published otherwise  than in conformity with the rules contained in section 5 of the said Act.

The State Emblem of India is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Asoka which is preserved in the Sarnath Museum. The Lion Capital has four lions mounted back to back on a circular abacus. The frieze of the abacus is adorned with sculptu..

The State Emblem of India is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Asoka which is preserved in the Sarnath Museum. The Lion Capital has four lions mounted back to back on a circular abacus. The frieze of the abacus is adorned with sculptures in high relief of an elephant, a galloping horse, a bull and a lion separated by intervening Dharma Chakras. The abacus rests on a bell-shaped lotus. The profile of the Lion Capital showing three lions mounted on the abacus with a Dharma Chakra in the center, a bull on the right and a galloping horse on the left, and outlines of Dharma Chakras on the extreme right and left has been adopted as the State Emblem of India. The Bell-shaped lotus has been omitted. The motto "Satyameva Jayate" – Truth alone triumphs – written in Devanagari script below the profile of the Lion Capital is part of the State Emblem of India. The State Emblem of India shall conform to the designs as set out in Appendix I or Appendix II. 

State Emblem of India (Regulation of Use) Rules, 2007

The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the National  Commission for Women to exercise the powers conferred on and to perform the functions assigned to, it under this Act.  2. The Commission shall consist of :- (a) ..

The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the National  Commission for Women to exercise the powers conferred on and to perform the functions assigned to, it under this Act.  2. The Commission shall consist of :- (a) A Chairperson, committed to the cause of women, to be nominated by the  Central Government. (b) five Members to be nominated by the Central Government from amongst persons of ability, integrity and standing who have had experience in law or  legislation, trade unionism, management of an industry potential of women,  women’s voluntary organisations ( including women activist ), administration,  economic development, health, education or social welfare; Provided that at least one Member each shall be from amongst persons  belonging to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respectively;

Rules Framed

An Act further to amend the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-fifth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—1. (1) This Act may be called the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Subs..

An Act further to amend the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-fifth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—1. (1) This Act may be called the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Amendment) Act, 2014. (2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. 2. In section 2 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act),— (a) after clause (iv), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— ‘(iva) “Central Government factories” means factories owned by the Central Government or factories owned by any company in which the Central Government holds at least fifty-one per cent. of the paid-up share capital;’; (b) clause (viiia) shall be relettered as clause (viiib) and before, clause (viiib) as so relettered, the following clause shall be inserted, namely:— ‘(viiia) “essential narcotic drug” means a narcotic drug notified by the Central Government for medical and scientific use. 

An Act to restrain the solemnization of child marriages  Whereas it is expedient to restrain the solemnization of child marriages; It is hereby enacted as follows: Comments  Preamble-Use of.- It is true that the preamble and the aims and..

An Act to restrain the solemnization of child marriages  Whereas it is expedient to restrain the solemnization of child marriages; It is hereby enacted as follows: Comments  Preamble-Use of.- It is true that the preamble and the aims and objects cannot be used for interpreting the statute. The preamble as well as the aims and objects of the Act can be used for limited purpose of ascertaining the conditions prevailing at the time of legislation and for finding out the purpose of the enactment by furnishing valuable historical material. Object and reasons of the Act.- The objects and reasons of the Act are to be taken into consideration in interpreting the provisions of the Statute and not the debates in Parliament on the Bill.3  Intention of Legislature.- In Prithvi Pal Singh Bedi v. Union of India, 4  it was  held that literal meaning of the statute must be adhered to when there is no  absurdity in ascertaining the legislative intendment and for that purpose the broad  feature of the Act can be looked into.

Sati is an ancient Hindu practice where the widow immolated herself on the funeral pyre  of her husband. They deemed it to be a great honour to be able to commit sati and the satimata was idolized by the society. The ritual of sati was banned..

Sati is an ancient Hindu practice where the widow immolated herself on the funeral pyre  of her husband. They deemed it to be a great honour to be able to commit sati and the satimata was idolized by the society. The ritual of sati was banned by the British Government in 1829 consequent to the relentless efforts of Sri Raja Ram Mohan Roy. A large scale of social reform undertaken by Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Mahatma Gandhi helped in actually putting a stop to the practice.  However, the practice is still in vogue in some parts of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. In light of these incidents, the Government of India enacted the Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987. In this act unless otherwise required Code of Criminal Procedure. 

The Central Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules to carry out the provisions of this Act.  In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of t..

The Central Government may, by notification in the official Gazette, make rules to carry out the provisions of this Act.  In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely, -(a) The manner in which the seizure of advertisements or other articles shall be made, and the manner in which the seizure list shall be prepared and delivered to the person from whose custody any advertisement or other article has been seized; (b) Any other matter which is required to be, or may be, prescribed.     Every rule made under this Act, shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session for a total period of thirty days, which may be comprised in  one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule. 
Provided further that the power of seizure under this sub-section may be exercised in respect of any document, article or thing which contains any such advertisement, including the contents, if any, of such document, article or thing if the advertisement cannot be separated by reason of its being embossed or otherwise from such document, article or thing without affecting the integrity, utility or saleable value thereof. The provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973(2 of 1974), shall, so far as may be, apply to any search or seizure made under the authority of a warrant issued under Sec.94 of the said Code.

Indecent Representation Of Women (Prohibition) Rules, 1987



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This Act to provide protection against sexual harassment of women at workplace and for the prevention and redresses of complaints of sexual harassment and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. Sexual harassment results in violatio..

This Act to provide protection against sexual harassment of women at workplace and for the prevention and redresses of complaints of sexual harassment and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. Sexual harassment results in violation of the fundamental rights of a woman to equality under articles 14 and 15 of the Constitution of India and her right to life and to live with dignity under article 21 of the Constitution and right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business which includes a right to a safe environment free from sexual harassment;

Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Rules 2013

Notification

An Act to amend and consolidate the law relating to copyright. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Eighth Year of the Republic of India as follows:  1. Short title, extent and commencement. -(1) This Act may be called the Copyright Act, 1957. ..

An Act to amend and consolidate the law relating to copyright. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Eighth Year of the Republic of India as follows:  1. Short title, extent and commencement. -(1) This Act may be called the Copyright Act, 1957. (2) It extends to the whole of India. (3) It shall come into force on such date2  as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. 2. Interpretation. -In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- (a) "adaptation" means,- (i) in relation to a dramatic work, the conversion of the work into a non-dramatic work; (ii) in relation to a literary work or an artistic work, the conversion of the work into a dramatic work by way of performance in public or otherwise; (iii) in relation to a literary or dramatic work, any abridgement of the work or any version of the work in which the story or action is conveyed wholly or mainly by means of pictures in a form suitable for reproduction in a book, or in a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical;3 (iv) in relation to a musical work, any arrangement or transcription of the work; 4  and (v) 5  in relation to any work, any use of such work involving its re-arrangement or alteration;  (b) "work of architecture" means any building or  structure having an artistic character or design, or any model for such building or structure; 6 (c) "artistic work" means- (i) a painting, a sculpture, a drawing (including a diagram, map, chart or plan), an ngraving or a photograph, whether or not any such work possesses artistic quality; (ii) work of architecture;7 and (iii) any other work of artistic craftsmanship (d) "author' means,- (i) in relation to a literary or dramatic work, the author of the work; (ii) in relation to a musical work, the composer; (iii) in relation to an artistic work other than a photograph, the artist; (iv) in relation to a photograph, the person taking the photograph; (v) in relation to a cinematograph8 or sound recording the producer; and (vi) in relation to 9 [any literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work which is computer-generated, the person who causes the work to be created;

Copy Right Rules, 2013

An Act further to amend the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—1. Short title and commencement. - (1) This Act may be called the Code of Criminal Procedu..

An Act further to amend the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-ninth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—1. Short title and commencement. - (1) This Act may be called the Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment) Act, 2008. (2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint; and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act. 2. Amendment of section 2. — In section 2 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), after clause (w), the following clause shall be inserted, namely:—‘(wa) “victim” means a person who has suffered any loss or injury caused by reason of the act or omission for which the accused person has been charged and the expression “victim” includes his or her guardian or legal heir;’. 3. Amendment of section 24. — In section 24 of the principal Act, in sub-section (8), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely:—“Provided that the Court may permit the victim to engage an advocate of his choice to assist the prosecution under this sub-section.”.

An Act to provide for the conservation of forests and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Thirty-first Year of the Republic of India as follows:- 1. Short title, extent and commenc..

An Act to provide for the conservation of forests and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto. Be it enacted by Parliament in the Thirty-first Year of the Republic of India as follows:- 1. Short title, extent and commencement. (1) This Act may be called the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. (2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. (3) It shall be deemed to have come into force on the 25th day of October, 1980. 2. Restriction on the dereservation of forests or use of forest land for non-forest purpose. Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force in a State, no State Government or other authority shall make, except with the prior approval of the Central Government, any order directing- (i) that any reserved forest (within the meaning of the expression "reserved forest" in any law for the time being in force in that State) or any portion thereof, shall cease to be reserved; (ii) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be used for any non-forest purpose; (iii) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be assigned by way of lease or otherwise to any private person or to any authority, corporation, agency or any other organization not owned, managed or controlled by Government; (iv) that any forest land or any portion thereof may be cleared of trees which have grown naturally in that land or portion, for the purpose of using it for reforestation. 

Forest (Conservation) Rules, 1981

An Act To Provide For The Establishment Of A Body Of Lokpal For The Union And Lokayukta For States To Inquire Into Allegations Of Corruption Against Certain Public Functionaries And For Matters Connected Therewith Or Incidental Thereto. Whereas Th..

An Act To Provide For The Establishment Of A Body Of Lokpal For The Union And Lokayukta For States To Inquire Into Allegations Of Corruption Against Certain Public Functionaries And For Matters Connected Therewith Or Incidental Thereto. Whereas The Constitution Of India Established A Democratic Republic To Ensure Justice For All; And Whereas India Has Ratified The United Nations Convention Against Corruption; And Whereas The Government's Commitment To Clean And Responsive Governance Hasto Be Reflected In Effective Bodies To Contain And Punish Acts Of Corruption; Now, Therefore, It Is Expedient To Enact A Law, For More Effective Implementation Of The Said Convention And To Provide For Prompt And Fair Investigation And Prosecution In Cases Of Corruption.

An Act to provide for more effective protection of the rights of women guaranteed under the Constitution who are victims of violence of any kind occurring within the family and for  matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. BE it ena..

An Act to provide for more effective protection of the rights of women guaranteed under the Constitution who are victims of violence of any kind occurring within the family and for  matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Fifty-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows:- 1. Short title, extent and commencement.-(1) This Act may be called the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. (2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. (3) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint. 2. Definitions.-In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,- (a) "aggrieved person" means any woman who is, or has been, in a domestic relationship with the respondent and who alleges to have been subjected to any act of domestic violence by the respondent; (b) "child" means any person below the age of eighteen years and includes any adopted, step or foster child; (c) "compensation order" means an order granted in terms of section 22; (d) "custody order" means an order granted in terms of section 21; 

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Rules, 2005

An Act to provide for the acquisition and transfer of the undertakings of the jute companies specified in the First Schedule with a view to securing the proper management of such undertakings so as to sub serve the interests of the general public ..

An Act to provide for the acquisition and transfer of the undertakings of the jute companies specified in the First Schedule with a view to securing the proper management of such undertakings so as to sub serve the interests of the general public  by ensuring the continued manufacture, production and distribution  of articles made of jute, which are essential to the needs of the  economy of the country and for matters connected therewith or  incidental thereto.  Whereas the said jute companies had been engaged in the  manufacture and production of articles mentioned in the first  Schedule to the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act,  1951, namely, textiles made wholly or in part of jute;  And whereas the management of the undertakings of each of the said jute companies was taken over by the Central Government under the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951, And whereas it is necessary to acquire the undertakings of the said jute companies to ensure that the interests of the general public are served by the continuance, by the undertakings of the said jute companies, of the manufacture, production and distribution of the aforesaid articles which are essential to the needs of the economy of the country.

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to narcotic drugs, to make stringent provisions for the control and regulation of operations relating to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances 1[, to provide for the forfeiture of property deri..

An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to narcotic drugs, to make stringent provisions for the control and regulation of operations relating to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances 1[, to provide for the forfeiture of property derived from, or used in, illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, to implement the provisions of the International Convention on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances]and for matters connected therewith.

An act further to amend the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 and the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012. The Criminal Law (Amendment) Ord..

An act further to amend the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 and the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012. The Criminal Law (Amendment) Ordinance, 2013 is here by repealed. Notwithstanding such repeal, anything done or any action taken under the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, as amended by the said Ordinance, shall be deemed to have been done or taken under the corresponding provisions of those Acts, as amended by this Act.

An Act to provide for the prohibition of employment as manual scavengers, rehabilitation of manual scavengers and their families, and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. WHEREAS promoting among the citizens fraternity assuring t..

An Act to provide for the prohibition of employment as manual scavengers, rehabilitation of manual scavengers and their families, and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. WHEREAS promoting among the citizens fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual is enshrined as one of the goals in the Preamble to the Constitution; AND WHEREAS the right to live with dignity is also implicit in the Fundamental Rights guaranteed in Part III of the Constitution; AND WHEREAS article 46 of the Constitution, inter alia, provides that the State shall protect the weaker sections, and, particularly, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes from social injustice and all forms of exploitation; AND WHEREAS the dehumanizing practice of manual scavenging, arising from the continuing existence of insanitary latrines and a highly iniquitous caste system, still persists in various parts of the country, and the existing laws have not proved adequate in eliminating the twin evils of insanitary latrines and manual scavenging; AND WHEREAS it is necessary to correct the historical injustice and indignity suffered by the manual scavengers, and to rehabilitate them to a life of dignity.

1. Short title, extent and commencement

 (1) This Act may be called the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

 (2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir:  Provided that the provisions ..

1. Short title, extent and commencement

 (1) This Act may be called the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

 (2) It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir:  Provided that the provisions of this Code, other than those relating to Chapters VIII, X and XI thereof, shall not apply

(a) to the State of Nagaland,

 (b) to the tribal areas, but the concerned State Government may, by notification apply  such provisions or any of them to the whole or part of the State of Nagaland or such tribal areas, as the case may be, with such supplemental, incidental or consequential  modifications, as may be specified in the otification

 Explanation—In this section, "tribal areas" means the territories which immediately before the 21st day of January, 1972, were included in the tribal areas of Assam, as referred to in paragraph 20 of the Sixth Schedule to the Constitution, other than those within the local limits of the municipality of Shillong

 (3) It shall come into force on the Ist day of April, 1974

2. Definitions -In this Code, unless the context otherwise requires, —

 (a) "bail able offence" means an offence which is shown as bailable in the First Schedule, or which is made billable by any other law for the time being in force; and "non-bailable offence" means any other offence;

 (b) "charge" includes any head of charge when the charge contains more heads than one:

 (c) "cognizable offence" means an offence for which, and "cognizable case" means a case in which, a police officer may, in accordance with the First Schedule or under any other law for the time being in force, arrest without warrant;

(d) "complaint" means any allegation made orally or in writing to a Magistrate, with a view to his taking action under this Code, that some person, whether known or unknown, has committed an offence, but does not include a police report

 Explanation— A report made by a police officer in a case which discloses, after investigation, the ommission of a non-cognizable offence shall be deemed to be a complaint; and the police officer by whom such report is made shall be deemed to be the complainant;

Note: It shall come into force on the Ist day of April, 1974 

Code of Criminal Procedure (Amendment), 2005

Notification CrPC, 1973 

An Act to provide for the establishment of an Authority to promote old age income security by establishing, developing and regulating pension funds, to protect the interests of subscribers to schemes of pension funds and for matters connected ther..

An Act to provide for the establishment of an Authority to promote old age income security by establishing, developing and regulating pension funds, to protect the interests of subscribers to schemes of pension funds and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-fourth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—CHAPTER  PRELIMINARY1. (1) This Act may be called the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development  Authority Act, 2013. (2) It extends to the whole of India.(3) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint: Provided that different dates may be appoin ted for different provisions of this Act and any reference in any such provision to the commencement of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision.

An Act to establish and incorporate a national aviation University to facilitate and promote aviation studies and research to achieve excellence in areas of aviation management, policy, science and technology, aviation environment, training in gov..

An Act to establish and incorporate a national aviation University to facilitate and promote aviation studies and research to achieve excellence in areas of aviation management, policy, science and technology, aviation environment, training in governing fields of safety and security regulations on aviation and other related fields to produce quality human resources to cater to the needs of the aviation sector and to provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

Be it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-fourth Year of the Republic of India as follows:—

1. (1) This Act may be called the Rajiv Gandhi National Aviation University Act, 2013.

(2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act.

2. In this Act, and in all Statutes made hereunder, unless the context otherwise requires,—

(a) ‘‘Academic Council’’ means the Academic Council of the University;

(b) ‘‘academic staff’’ means such categories of staff as are designated as academic staff by the Ordinances;

1. (1) This Act may be called the National Food Security Act, 2013.

(2) It extends to the whole of India.

(3) Save as otherwise provided, it shall be deemed to have come into force on the

5th day of July, 2013.

1. (1) This Act may be called the National Food Security Act, 2013.

(2) It extends to the whole of India.

(3) Save as otherwise provided, it shall be deemed to have come into force on the

5th day of July, 2013.

2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—

(1) "anganwadi" means a child care and development centre set up under the

Integrated Child Development Services Scheme of the Central Government to render services covered under section 4, clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 5 and section 6; (2) "central pool" means the stock of foodgrains which is,—(i) procured by the Central Government and the State Governments through minimum support price operations;

(ii) maintained for allocations under the Targeted Public Distribution System, other welfare schemes, including calamity relief and such other schemes;

(iii) kept as reserves for schemes referred to in sub-clause (ii);

 (3) "eligible households" means households covered under the priority households and the Antyodaya Anna Yojana referred to in sub-section (1) of section 3;

(4) "fair price shop" means a shop which has been licensed to distribute essential commodities by an order issued under section 3 of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, to the ration card holders under the Targeted Public Distribution System;

(5) "food grains" means rice, wheat or coarse grains or any combination there of conforming to such quality norms as may be determined, by order, by the Central Government from time to time;

(6) "food security" means the supply of the entitled quantity of food grains and meal specified under Chapter II;

(7) "food security allowance" means the amount of money to be paid by the concerned State Government to the entitled persons under section 8;

(8) "local authority" includes Panchayat, municipality, district board, cantonment board, town planning authority and in the States of Assam, Manipur

http://indiacode.nic.in/acts-in-pdf/182013.pdf

This Act may be called the Companies Act, 2013.

(2) It extends to the whole of India.

(3) This section shall ..

http://indiacode.nic.in/acts-in-pdf/182013.pdf

This Act may be called the Companies Act, 2013.

(2) It extends to the whole of India.

(3) This section shall come into force at once and the remaining provisions of this Act shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act and any reference in any provision to the commencement of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision.

(4) The provisions of this Act shall apply to—

(a) companies incorporated under this Act or under any previous company law;

(b) insurance companies, except in so far as the said provisions are inconsistent with the provisions of the Insurance Act, 1938 or the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999;

(c) banking companies, except in so far as the said provisions are inconsistent with the provisions of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949;

(d) companies engaged in the generation or supply of electricity, except in so far as the said provisions are inconsistent with the provisions of the Electricity Act, 2003;

(e) any other company governed by any special Act for the time being in force,

except in so far as the said provisions are inconsistent with the provisions of such special Act; and

(f) such body corporate, incorporated by any Act for the time being in force, as the Central Government may, by notification, specify in this behalf, subject to such exceptions, modifications or adaptation, as may be specified in the notification.

Definitions- In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-
(1) "Code" includes rules;
(2) "decree" means the formal expression of an adjudication which, so far as regards the Court&nb..

Definitions- In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context,-
(1) "Code" includes rules;
(2) "decree" means the formal expression of an adjudication which, so far as regards the Court 
expressing it, conclusively determines the rights of the parties with regard to all or any of the 
matters in controversy in the suit and may be either preliminary or final. It shall be deemed to 
include the rejection of a plaint and the determination of any question within [3]* * * section 144, 
but shall not include-
(a) any adjudication from which an appeal lies as an appeal from an order, or
(b) any order of dismissal for default.
Explanation-A decree is preliminary when further proceedings have to be taken before the suit 
can be completely disposed of. It is final when such adjudication completely disposes of the suit, 
it may be partly preliminary and partly final;
(3) "decree-holder" means any person in whose favour a decree has been passed or an order 
capable of execution has been made;
(4) "district" means the local limits of the jurisdiction of a principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction 
(hereinafter called a "District Court"), and includes the local limits of the ordinary original civil 
jurisdiction of a High Court;

Constitution is a living document, an instrument which makes the government system work. Its flexibility lies in its amendments. In this edition, the text of the Constitution of India has been brought up-to-date by incorporating therein all amendm..

Constitution is a living document, an instrument which makes the government system work. Its flexibility lies in its amendments. In this edition, the text of the Constitution of India has been brought up-to-date by incorporating therein all amendments made by Parliament up to and including the Constitution (Ninety-fourth Amendment) Act, 2006. The footnotes below the text indicate the Constitution Amendment Acts by which such amendments have been made. The Constitution applies to the State of Jammu and Kashmir with certain exceptions and modifications as provided in article 370 and the Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954. This Order has been included in Appendix I for facility of reference. Appendix II contains a re-statement of the exceptions and modifications. The text of the constitutional amendments relating to the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, the Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 and the Constitution (Eighty-eighth Amendment) Act, 2003, which have not yet come into force, have been provided in the text at the appropriate places wherever or otherwise in the footnote.

In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,--(a) "environment" includes water, air and land and the inter- relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-o..

In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,--(a) "environment" includes water, air and land and the inter- relationship which exists among and between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and property;(b) "environmental pollutant" means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentration as may be, or tend to be, injurious to environment;(c) "environmental pollution" means the presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant;(d) "handling", in relation to any substance, means the manufacture, processing, treatment, package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sale, transfer or the like of such substance;(e) "hazardous substance" means any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plant, micro-organism, property or the environment;(f) "occupier", in relation to any factory or premises, means a person who has, control over the affairs of the factory or the premises and includes in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the substance;(g) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act.

Enviornment (Protection) Rules, 1986